Diagnosis, Diagnostics, Immunodiagnosis & Immunodiagnostics:

8016.      Gangneux JP, Menotti J, Lorenzo F, Sarfati C, Blanche H, Bui H, Pratlong F, Garin YJ, Derouin F. Prospective value of PCR amplification and sequencing for diagnosis and typing of old world Leishmania infections in an area of nonendemicity. J Clin Microbiol. 2003 Apr;41(4):1419-22.

8017.   Goswami BK, Datta S, Chakrabarti S, Chakrabarti S, Giri A, Debnath NB, Datta K, Bandopadhayay G, Das S. Experience of visceral leishmaniasis in the northern districts of West Bengal – the emerging sodium stibogluconate unrespensiveness. Indian med J 2002, 96 (7), 173-6.

8018.   Haseeb AN, el-Shazly AM, Arafa MA, Morsy AT. Evaluation of excretory/secretory Fasciola (Fhes) antigen in diagnosis of human fascioliasis. J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 2003 Apr;33(1):123-38.

8019.   Ikonomopoulos J, Kokotas S, Gazouli M, Zavras A, Stoitsiou M, Gorgoulis VG.  Molecular diagnosis of leishmaniosis in dogs. Comparative application of traditional diagnostic methods and the proposed assay on clinical samples. Vet Parasitol. 2003 Apr 18;113(2):99-113.

8020.   Rahman SB, Bari AU. Laboratory profile in patients of cutaneous leishmaniasis from various regions of Pakistan. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2003 Jun;13(6):313-6.

8021.   Reithinger R, Espinoza JC, Courtenay O, Davies CR. Evaluation of PCR as a diagnostic mass-screening tool to detect Leishmania (Viannia) spp. in domestic dogs (Canis familiaris). J Clin Microbiol. 2003 Apr;41(4):1486-93.

8022.   Whittemore JC, Salman MD. Think screening unnecessary, unrealistic for all blood donors. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2003 Jun 1;222(11):1502; author reply 1502.

Pathogenesis:

8023.   Bertholet S, Dickensheets HL, Sheikh F, Gam AA, Donnelly RP, Kenney RT. Leishmania donovani-induced expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 in human macrophages: a novel mechanism for intracellular parasite suppression of activation. Infect Immun. 2003 Apr;71(4):2095-101.

8024. Cordeiro-da-Silva A, Cardoso L, Araujo N, Castro H, Tomas A, Rodrigues M, Cabral M, Vergnes B, Sereno D, Ouaissi A. Identification of antibodies to Leishmania silent information regulatory 2 (SIR2) protein homologue during canine natural infections: pathological implications. Immunol Lett. 2003 Apr 3;86(2):155-62.

8025.   Lang T, Courret N, Colle JH, Milon G, Antoine JC. The levels and patterns of cytokines produced by CD4 T lymphocytes of BALB/c mice infected with Leishmania major by inoculation into the ear dermis depend on the infectiousness and size of the inoculum. Infect Immun. 2003 May;71(5):2674-83.

8026.   Lima VM, Goncalves ME, Ikeda FA, Luvizotto MC, Feitosa MM. Anti-leishmania antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid from dogs with visceral leishmaniasis. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2003 Apr;36(4):485-9. Epub 2003 Apr 08.

8027.   Pelletier I, Hashidate T, Urashima T, Nishi N, Nakamura T, Futai M, Arata Y, Kasai K-, Hirashima M, Hirabayashi J, Sato S. Specific recognition of Leishmania major poly-beta-galactosyl epitopes by galectin-9: possible implication of galectin-9 in interaction between L. major and host cells. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jun 20;278(25):22223-30. Epub 2003 Apr 08.

8028.   Reithinger R, Espinoza JC, Courtenay O, Davies CR. Evaluation of PCR as a diagnostic mass-screening tool to detect Leishmania (Viannia) spp. in domestic dogs (Canis familiaris). J Clin Microbiol. 2003 Apr;41(4):1486-93.

Therapy:

8029.   Carter KC, Sundar S, Spickett C, Pereira OC, Mullen AB. The in vivo susceptibility of Leishmania donovani to sodium stibogluconate is drug specific and can be reversed by inhibiting glutathione biosynthesis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003 May;47(5):1529-35.

8030.   Cauchetier E, Paul M, Rivollet D, Fessi H, Astier A, Deniau M. Therapeutic evaluation of free and nanocapsule-encapsulated atovaquone in the treatment of murine visceral leishmaniasis. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2003 Apr;97(3):259-68.

8031.   Montero JA, Ruiz-Moreno JM, Sanchis E. Intraretinal hemorrhage associated with leishmaniasis. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging. 2003 May-Jun;34(3):212-4.