Diagnosis, Diagnostics, Immunodiagnosis & Immunodiagnostics:

10475.  Ahmed A, Keeffe EB. Chronic hepatitis C with normal aminotransferase levels. Gastroenterology. 2004 May;126(5):1409-15.

10476.  Aliyu SH, Aliyu MH, Salihu HM, Parmar S, Jalal H, Curran MD. Rapid detection and quantitation of hepatitis B virus DNA by real-time PCR using a new fluorescent (FRET) detection system. J Clin Virol. 2004 Jun;30(2):191-5.

10477.  Berg T, Sarrazin C, Hinrichsen H, Buggisch P, Gerlach T, Zachoval R, Zeuzem S. Does noninvasive staging of fibrosis challenge liver biopsy as a gold standard in chronic hepatitis C? Hepatology. 2004 May;39(5):1456-7; author reply 1457-8.

10478.  Bhattacharya S, Badrinath S, Hamide A, Sujatha S. Co-infection with hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus among patients with sexually transmitted diseases in Pondicherry, South India. Indian J Path Microbiol 2003; 46(3): 495-7.

10479.  Bjorkman P, Flamholc L, Naucler A, Molnegren V, Wallmark E, Widell A.  GB virus C during the natural course of HIV-1 infection: viremia at diagnosis does not predict mortality. AIDS. 2004 Apr 9;18(6):877-86.

10480.  Brau N, Rodriguez-Torres M, Prokupek D, Bonacini M, Giffen CA, Smith JJ, Frost KR, Kostman JR. Treatment of chronic hepatitis C in HIV/HCV-coinfection with interferon alpha-2b+ full-course vs. 16-week delayed ribavirin. Hepatology. 2004 Apr;39(4):989-98.

10481.  Brunt EM, Di Bisceglie AM. Histological changes after the use of mycophenolate mofetil in autoimmune hepatitis. Hum Pathol. 2004 Apr;35(4):509-12.

10482.  Chan HL, Leung WK, To KF, Chan PK, Lee N, Wu A, Tam JS, Sung JJ. Retrospective analysis of liver function derangement in severe acute respiratory syndrome. Am J Med. 2004 Apr 15;116(8):566-7.

10483.  de Almeida TM, Leitao RC, Andrade JD, Becak W, Carrilho FJ, Sonohara S. Detection of micronuclei formation and nuclear anomalies in regenerative nodules of human cirrhotic livers and relationship to hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2004 Apr 1;150(1):16-21.

10484.  D'Souza R, Foster GR. Diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis C. J R Soc Med. 2004 May;97(5):223-5. Review.

10485.  el-Shorbagy E, Afefy AF, Ibrahem IA, Mangoud AM, Eissa MH, Sabee EI, Mahrous S, Abdel-Monem A, Ismail A, Morsy TA, Etewa S, Nor Edin E, Mostafa Y, Abouel-Magd Y, el-Sedawy M, Ragab H, el-Tokhy H, Hassan MI, Lakouz K, Abdel-Aziz K, el-Hady G, Saber M.   Non-invasive markers and predictors of severity of hepatic fibrosis in HCV patients at Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 2004 Apr;34(1 Suppl):459-78.

10486.  Hu KQ, Kyulo NL, Lim N, Elhazin B, Hillebrand DJ, Bock T. Clinical significance of elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in patients with chronic hepatitis C, but not hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004 May;99(5):860-5.

10487.  Hutchinson SJ, Goldberg DJ, King M, Cameron SO, Shaw LE, Brown A, MacKenzie J, Wilson K, MacDonald L. Hepatitis C virus among childbearing women in Scotland: prevalence, deprivation, and diagnosis. Gut. 2004 Apr;53(4):593-8.

10488.  Khan N, Aswad S, Shidban H, Aghajani M, Mendez R, Mendez R, Comanor L. Improved detection of HCV Infection in hemodialysis patients using a new HCV RNA qualitative assay: experience of a transplant center. J Clin Virol. 2004 Jun;30(2):175-82.

10489.  Mangoud AM, Eissa MH, Sabee EI, Ibrahem IA, Ismail A, Morsy TA, Nor Edin E, Mostafa Y, Abuel-Magd Y, Afefy AF, el-Shorbagy E, el-Sadawy M, Ragab H, Mahrous S, Abdel Menem A, Etewa S, Hassan MI, Lakouz K, Abdel-Aziz K, Saber M, el-Hady G.  New concept in histopathological grading and staging of chronic hepatitis C infection at Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 2004 Apr;34(1 Suppl):385-400.

10490.  Mittal SK, Agarwal H. Chronic hepatitis B: diagnosis and management. Paediat Today 2004; 7(2): 63-71.

10491.  Pherwani AV. Transcutaneous immunization with hepatitis A vaccine. Paediat Today 2004; 7(1): 42-4.

10492.  Srinivasan R, Hadzic N, Fischer J, Knisely AS. Steatohepatitis and unsuspected micronodular cirrhosis in Dorfman-Chanarin syndrome with documented ABHD5 mutation. J Pediatr. 2004 May;144(5):662-5.

10493.  Strader DB, Wright T, Thomas DL, Seeff LB; American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Diagnosis, management, and treatment of hepatitis C. Hepatology. 2004 Apr;39(4):1147-71.

10494.  Sud A, Hui JM, Farrell GC, Bandara P, Kench JG, Fung C, Lin R, Samarasinghe D, Liddle C, McCaughan GW, George J. Improved prediction of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C using measures of insulin resistance in a probability index. Hepatology. 2004 May;39(5):1239-47.

10495.  Wyatt J, Baker H, Prasad P, Gong YY, Millson C. Steatosis and fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C. J Clin Pathol. 2004 Apr;57(4):402-6.

10496.  Yamashiro T, Nagayama K, Enomoto N, Watanabe H, Miyagi T, Nakasone H, Sakugawa H, Watanabe M. Quantitation of the level of hepatitis delta virus RNA in serum, by real-time polymerase chain reaction--and its possible correlation with the clinical stage of liver disease.J Infect Dis. 2004 Apr 1;189(7):1151-7.

Pathogenesis:

10497.  Adeyemi OM, Jensen D, Attar B, Ghaoui R, Gallagher M, Wolen D, Cotler SJ. Hepatitis C treatment eligibility in an urban population with and without HIV coinfection. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2004 Apr;18(4):239-45.

10498.  Ahmad K, Janjua NZ, Bin Hamza H, Khan MI. Novel means of spread of bloodborne infections in Pakistan. Lancet. 2004 Jun 12;363(9425):2002.

10499.  Benvegnu L, Gios M, Boccato S, Alberti A. Natural history of compensated viral cirrhosis: a prospective study on the incidence and hierarchy of major complications. Gut. 2004 May;53(5):744-9.

10500.  Bhattacharyya S, Mapa K, Prabhavathi S, Sudhamani SR, Menon PK, John KP, Shivaram C, Amarnath S, Das S. Phylogenetic conservation of the stem-loop III structure of the 5' untranslated region of Hepatitis C virus RNA among natural variants in samples collected from Southern India. Arch Virol. 2004 May;149(5):1015-26.

10501.  Candotti D, Temple J, Owusu-Ofori S, Allain JP. Multiplex real-time quantitative RT-PCR assay for hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Virol Methods. 2004 Jun 1;118(1):39-47.

10502.  Chitturi S, Farrell GC, George J. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in the Asia-Pacific region: future shock? J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004 Apr;19(4):368-74. Review.

10503.  Cooper C, Kilby D. Clinical significance of hepatitis B core antibody positivity in HCV-infected and HCV/HIV coinfected individuals. Clin Infect Dis. 2004 May 1;38(9):1335-7.

10504.  Das K, Kar P, Gupta RK, Das BC. Role of transfusion-transmitted virus in acute viral hepatitis and fulminant hepatic failure of unknown etiology. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004 Apr;19(4):406-12.

10505.  Donaldson PT. Genetics of liver disease: immunogenetics and disease pathogenesis. Gut. 2004 Apr;53(4):599-608. Review.

10506.  Emerson SU, Nguyen H, Graff J, Stephany DA, Brockington A, Purcell RH. In vitro replication of hepatitis E virus (HEV) genomes and of an HEV replicon expressing green fluorescent protein. J Virol. 2004 May;78(9):4838-46.

10507.  Forbes SJ, Russo FP, Rey V, Burra P, Rugge M, Wright NA, Alison MR. A significant proportion of myofibroblasts are of bone marrow origin in human liver fibrosis. Gastroenterology. 2004 Apr;126(4):955-63.

10508.  Fournillier A, Freida D, Defrance T, Merle P, Trepo C, Inchauspe G. Analysis of B-lymphocyte differentiation in patients infected with hepatitis C virus. J Med Virol. 2004 Apr;72(4):566-74.

10509.  Hakamada T, Funatsuki K, Morita H, Ugajin T, Nakamura I, Ishiko H, Matsuzaki Y, Tanaka N, Imawari M. Identification of novel hepatitis C virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes by ELISpot assay using peptides with human leukocyte antigen-A*2402-binding motifs. J Gen Virol. 2004 Jun;85(Pt 6):1521-31.

10510.  Helbig KJ, Ruszkiewicz A, Semendric L, Harley HA, McColl SR, Beard MR. Expression of the CXCR3 ligand I-TAC by hepatocytes in chronic hepatitis C and its correlation with hepatic inflammation. Hepatology. 2004 May;39(5):1220-9.

10511.  Huy TT, Abe K. Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis B and C virus infections in Asia. Pediatr Int. 2004 Apr;46(2):223-30. Review.

10512.  Jazayeri MS, Dornan ES, Boner W, Fattovich G, Hadziyannis S, Carman WF. Intracellular distribution of hepatitis B virus core protein expressed in vitro depends on the sequence of the isolate and the serologic pattern. J Infect Dis. 2004 May 1;189(9):1634-45.

10513.  Kottilil S, Shin K, Planta M, McLaughlin M, Hallahan CW, Ghany M, Chun TW, Sneller MC, Fauci AS. Expression of chemokine and inhibitory receptors on natural killer cells: effect of immune activation and HIV viremia. J Infect Dis. 2004 Apr 1;189(7):1193-8.

10514.  Kronke J, Kittler R, Buchholz F, Windisch MP, Pietschmann T, Bartenschlager R, Frese M.  Alternative approaches for efficient inhibition of hepatitis C virus RNA replication by small interfering RNAs. J Virol. 2004 Apr;78(7):3436-46.

10515.  Kwun HJ, Jang KL. Natural variants of hepatitis B virus X protein have differential effects on the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 2004 Apr 23;32(7):2202-13. Print 2004.

10516.  Laskus T, Radkowski M, Jablonska J, Kibler K, Wilkinson J, Adair D, Rakela J. Human immunodeficiency virus facilitates infection/replication of hepatitis C virus in native human macrophages. Blood. 2004 May 15;103(10):3854-9.

10517.  Liaw YF, Chen YC, Sheen IS, Chien RN, Yeh CT, Chu CM. Impact of acute hepatitis C virus superinfection in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Gastroenterology. 2004 Apr;126(4):1024-9.

10518.  Liu ZW, Han QY, Zhang N, Kang W. Sequential changes of serum ferritin levels and their clinical significance in lamivudine-treated patients with chronic viral hepatitis B. World J Gastroenterol. 2004 Apr 1;10(7):972-6.

10519.  Lopez-Labrador FX, He XS, Berenguer M, Cheung RC, Wright TL, Greenberg HB. The use of class-I HLA tetramers for the detection of hepatitis C virus NS3-specific CD8(+) T cells in patients with chronic infection. J Immunol Methods. 2004 Apr;287(1-2):91-9.

10520.  Mohammed NA, El-Aleem SA, El-Hafiz HA, McMahon RF. Distribution of constitutive (COX-1) and inducible (COX-2) cyclooxygenase in postviral human liver cirrhosis: a possible role for COX-2 in the pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis. J Clin Pathol. 2004 Apr;57(4):350-4.

10521.  Nielsen SU, Bassendine MF, Burt AD, Bevitt DJ, Toms GL. Characterization of the genome and structural proteins of hepatitis C virus resolved from infected human liver. J Gen Virol. 2004 Jun;85(Pt 6):1497-507.

10522.  Ohishi W, Shirakawa H, Kawakami Y, Kimura S, Kamiyasu M, Tazuma S, Nakanishi T, Chayama K. Identification of rare polymerase variants of hepatitis B virus using a two-stage PCR with peptide nucleic acid clamping. J Med Virol. 2004 Apr;72(4):558-65.

10523.  Orru G, Masia G, Orru G, Romano L, Piras V, Coppola RC. Detection and quantitation of hepatitis E virus in human faeces by real-time quantitative PCR. J Virol Methods. 2004 Jun 15;118(2):77-82.

10524.  Shyamala V, Cottrell J, Arcangel P, Madriaga D, Phelps B, Chien D.  Detection and quantitation of HBV DNA in the WHO International Standard for HIV-1 RNA (NIBSC code: 97/656). J Virol Methods. 2004 Jun 1;118(1):69-72.

10525.  Singh B, Verma M, Verma K. Markers for transfusion-associated hepatitis in north Indian blood donors: prevalence and trends. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2004 Apr;57(2):49-51.

10526.  Singh M, Dicaire A, Wakil AE, Luscombe C, Sacks SL. Quantitation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) in the liver of HBV-infected patients by LightCycler real-time PCR. J Virol Methods. 2004 Jun 15;118(2):159-67.

10527.  Tanaka Y, Kanai F, Kawakami T, Tateishi K, Ijichi H, Kawabe T, Arakawa Y, Kawakami T, Nishimura T, Shirakata Y, Koike K, Omata M. Interaction of the hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) with heat shock protein 60 enhances HBx-mediated apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004 May 28;318(2):461-9.

10528.  Thio CL, Netski DM, Myung J, Seaberg EC, Thomas DL. Changes in hepatitis B virus DNA levels with acute HIV infection. Clin Infect Dis. 2004 Apr 1;38(7):1024-9.

10529.  Vivekanandan P, Abraham P, Sridharan G, Chandy G, Daniel D, Raghuraman S, Daniel HD, Subramaniam T. Distribution of hepatitis B virus genotypes in blood donors and chronically infected patients in a tertiary care hospital in southern India. Clin Infect Dis. 2004 May 1;38(9):e81-6.

10530.  Wald O, Pappo O, Safadi R, Dagan-Berger M, Beider K, Wald H, Franitza S, Weiss I, Avniel S, Boaz P, Hanna J, Zamir G, Eid A, Mandelboim O, Spengler U, Galun E, Peled A. Involvement of the CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway in the advanced liver disease that is associated with hepatitis C virus or hepatitis B virus. Eur J Immunol. 2004 Apr;34(4):1164-74.

Vaccines:

10531.  Rosenthal P.  Hepatitis A vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2004 May 20;350(21):2211-2; author reply 2211-2.

Therapy:

10532.  Choi JR, Cho DG, Roh KY, Hwang JT, Ahn S, Jang HS, Cho WY, Kim KW, Cho YG, Kim J, Kim YZ. A novel class of phosphonate nucleosides. 9-[(1-phosphonomethoxycyclopropyl)methyl]guanine as a potent and selective anti-HBV agent. J Med Chem. 2004 May 20;47(11):2864-9.

10533.  Coverdale SA, Khan MH, Byth K, Lin R, Weltman M, George J, Samarasinghe D, Liddle C, Kench JG, Crewe E, Farrell GC. Effects of interferon treatment response on liver complications of chronic hepatitis C: 9-year follow-up study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2004 Apr;99(4):636-44. Review.

10534.  De Clercq E. Antiviral drugs in current clinical use. J Clin Virol. 2004 Jun;30(2):115-33. Review.

10535.  Jaeckel E, Wedemeyer H, Wiegand J, Manns MP. Acute hepatitis C virus infection: to treat or not to treat? Gastroenterology. 2004 Apr;126(4):1219-20.

10536.  Mehta SR; Prabhu HRA; Swamy AJ; Dhaliwal H; Prasad D. Delirium tremens. Medical Journal Armed Forces India. 2004 Jan; 60(1): 25-7.

10537.  Stephenson P. Hepatitis C carriers must be found and treated to avert crisis. BMJ. 2004 May 1;328(7447):1031.

10538.  Wedemeyer H, Jackel E, Wiegand J, Cornberg M, Manns MP. Whom? When? How? Another piece of evidence for early treatment of acute hepatitis C. Hepatology. 2004 May;39(5):1201-3.

10539.  Zaidi AK, Awasthi S, deSilva HJ.   Burden of infectious diseases in South Asia. BMJ. 2004 Apr 3;328(7443):811-5. Review.