Stress

Selected abstracts:

1.                  Chiou LC, Liao YY, Fan PC, Kuo PH, Wang CH, Riemer C, Prinssen EP.   Nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide receptors: pharmacology and clinical implications. Curr Drug Targets. 2007 Jan;8(1):117-35.

Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Jen-Ai Rd., Section 1, Taipei 100, Taiwan. lcchiou@ha.mc.ntu.edu.tw

The advance of functional genomics revealed the superfamily of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Hundreds of GPCRs have been cloned but many of them are orphan GPCRs with unidentified ligands. The first identified orphan GPCR is the opioid receptor like orphan receptor, ORL1. It was cloned in 1994 during the identification of opioid receptor subtypes and was de-orphanized in 1995 by the discovery of its endogenous ligand, nociceptin or orphanin FQ (N/OFQ). This receptor was renamed as N/OFQ peptide (NOP) receptor. Several selective ligands acting at NOP receptors or other anti-N/OFQ agents have been reported. These include N/OFQ-derived peptides acting as agonists (cyclo[Cys(10),Cys(14)]N/OFQ, [Arg(14), Lys(15)]N/OFQ, [pX]Phe(4)N/OFQ (1-13)-NH(2), UFP-102, [(pF)Phe(4),Aib(7), Aib(11),Arg(14),Lys(15)]N/OFQ-NH(2)) or antagonists (Phe(1)psi(CH(2)-NH)Gly(2)]N/OFQ(1-13)-NH(2), [Nphe(1)]N/OFQ(1-13)-NH(2), UFP-101, [Nphe(1), (pF)Phe(4),Aib(7),Aib(11),Arg(14),Lys(15)]N/OFQ-NH(2)), hexapeptides, other peptide derivatives (peptide III-BTD, ZP-120, OS-461, OS-462, OS-500), non-peptide agonists (NNC 63-0532, Ro 64-6198, (+)-5a compound, W-212393, 3-(4-piperidinyl)indoles, 3-(4-piperidinyl) pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridines) and antagonists (TRK-820, J-113397, JTC-801, octahydrobenzimidazol-2-ones, 2-(1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-1 H-indole, N-benzyl-D-prolines, SB-612111), biostable RNA Spiegelmers specific against N/OFQ, and a functional antagonist, nocistatin. Buprenorphine and naloxone benzoylhydrazone are two opioid receptor ligands showing high affinity for NOP receptors. NOP receptor agonists might be beneficial in the treatment of pain, anxiety, stress-induced anorexia, cough, neurogenic bladder, edema, drug dependence, and, less promising, in cerebral ischemia and epilepsy, while antagonists might be of help in the management of pain, depression, dementia and Parkinsonism. N/OFQ is also involved in cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and immune regulation. Altered plasma levels of N/OFQ have been reported in patients with various pain states, depression and liver diseases. This review summarizes the pharmacological characteristics of, and studies with, the available NOP receptor ligands and their possible clinical implications.

2.                  Hooberman JB, Rosenfeld B, Lhewa D, Rasmussen A, Keller A.  Classifying the torture experiences of refugees living in the United States. J Interpers Violence. 2007 Jan;22(1):108-23. 

Fordham University, Bronx, NY 10458, USA.

Few research studies have systematically categorized the types of torture experienced around the world. The purpose of this study is to categorize the diverse traumatic events that are defined as torture, and determine how these torture types relate to demographics and symptom presentation. Data for 325 individuals were obtained through a retrospective review of records from the Bellevue/NYU for Survivors of Torture. A factor analysis generated a model with five factors corresponding to witnessing torture of others, torture of family members, physical beating, rape/sexual assault, and deprivation/passive torture. These factors were significantly correlated with a number of demographic variables (sex, education, and region of origin). Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, anxiety, and depression symptoms were significantly correlated with the rape factor but no other factors were uniquely associated with psychological distress. The results offer insight into the nature of torture and differences in responses.

3.                  Keles H, Ekici A, Ekici M, Bulcun E, Altinkaya V.  Effect of chronic diseases and associated psychological distress on health-related quality of life. Intern Med J. 2007 Jan;37(1):6-11.

Department of Internal Medicine, Kirkkale University Faculty of Medicine, Kirkkale, Turkey.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to clarify the correlations between the presence of comorbidities and psychological distress and health-related quality of life (HRQL). This was a population-based cross-sectional study. METHODS: Parents and grandparents of students from seven randomly selected primary schools in the city centre were asked to answer questionnaires sent by their children. All subjects were questioned for somatic diseases, psychological distress and HRQL by Health Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale and short-form-12 health survey, respectively. RESULTS: Out of 5024 parents and grandparents (mean age 52.3 +/- 14.3 years, range 20-104 years) of primary school students 4605 returned the questionnaires, a figure that corresponds to the overall response rate of 91.6%. Chronic diseases substantially reduced HRQL and this effect did not differ markedly with the type of chronic disease. Association of comorbidities with psychological distress further impaired HRQL. As the number of chronic diseases was increased, HRQL and physical and mental functioning declined. The worst HRQL was observed in subjects who had five or more comorbidities associated with psychological distress. CONCLUSION: The present study indicates significant adverse effects of chronic diseases and psychological distress on HRQL in adults, the effect of psychological distress being the most important. Our results lead us to suggest that in the management of comorbidities, the detection of the presence and severity of associated psychological distress and its treatment, besides the specific treatment of comorbidities, may provide dramatic improvement in HRQL of the patients.

4.                  Roy M, David N, Cueva M, Giorgetti M.  A study of the involvement of melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCHR1) in murine models of depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2007 Jan 15;61(2):174-80.

Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. roym@stanfordalumni.org

BACKGROUND: Most antidepressant medications target central monoamine systems and are often characterized by limited efficacies and unwanted side effects. Thus, significant efforts are ongoing to identify novel targets for the treatment of depression. Growing evidence suggests that neuropeptides play a role in the pathophysiology of depression. The melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) is one such neuropeptide, implicated in the modulation of many physiological responses. METHODS: We utilized an array of techniques including chronic mild stress (CMS) as a depression paradigm, neurobehavior, gene expression analysis, and knockout genetics to investigate the role of MCH receptor subtype 1 (MCHR1) in murine models of depression. RESULTS: We report here that following a 5-week exposure to repeated chronic mild stress (an ethologically relevant animal model of depression), C57Bl/6J mice have increased hippocampal gene expression of MCH receptor subtype 1 (MCHR1), the cognate melanin concentrating hormone receptor in mice. This increased gene expression is reversed by chronic fluoxetine hydrochloride (Prozac) treatment. Additionally, while female and male mice carrying a null mutation of the MCHR1 gene show comparable anxiolytic-like behavior on the open field, only female knockout mice exhibit antidepressant-like behavior, when tested on the forced swim and tail suspension tests. CONCLUSION: Taken together, we suggest that antagonism of the MCHR1 receptor may provide a novel approach for the treatment of affective disorders, including depression, with a potentially increased efficacy in women.

5.                  Valko M, Leibfritz D, Moncol J, Cronin MT, Mazur M, Telser J. Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2007;39(1):44-84.

Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak Technical University, SK-812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia. marian.valko@stuba.sk

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS, e.g. nitric oxide, NO(*)) are well recognised for playing a dual role as both deleterious and beneficial species. ROS and RNS are normally generated by tightly regulated enzymes, such as NO synthase (NOS) and NAD(P)H oxidase isoforms, respectively. Overproduction of ROS (arising either from mitochondrial electron-transport chain or excessive stimulation of NAD(P)H) results in oxidative stress, a deleterious process that can be an important mediator of damage to cell structures, including lipids and membranes, proteins, and DNA. In contrast, beneficial effects of ROS/RNS (e.g. superoxide radical and nitric oxide) occur at low/moderate concentrations and involve physiological roles in cellular responses to noxia, as for example in defence against infectious agents, in the function of a number of cellular signalling pathways, and the induction of a mitogenic response. Ironically, various ROS-mediated actions in fact protect cells against ROS-induced oxidative stress and re-establish or maintain "redox balance" termed also "redox homeostasis". The "two-faced" character of ROS is clearly substantiated. For example, a growing body of evidence shows that ROS within cells act as secondary messengers in intracellular signalling cascades which induce and maintain the oncogenic phenotype of cancer cells, however, ROS can also induce cellular senescence and apoptosis and can therefore function as anti-tumourigenic species. This review will describe the: (i) chemistry and biochemistry of ROS/RNS and sources of free radical generation; (ii) damage to DNA, to proteins, and to lipids by free radicals; (iii) role of antioxidants (e.g. glutathione) in the maintenance of cellular "redox homeostasis"; (iv) overview of ROS-induced signaling pathways; (v) role of ROS in redox regulation of normal physiological functions, as well as (vi) role of ROS in pathophysiological implications of altered redox regulation (human diseases and ageing). Attention is focussed on the ROS/RNS-linked pathogenesis of cancer, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, hypertension, ischemia/reperfusion injury, diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease), rheumatoid arthritis, and ageing. Topics of current debate are also reviewed such as the question whether excessive formation of free radicals is a primary cause or a downstream consequence of tissue injury.

6.                  Yun AJ, Doux JD. Stress dysfunctions as a unifying paradigm for illness: repairing relationships instead of individuals as a new gateway for medicine. Med Hypotheses. 2007;68(3):697-704.

Palo Alto Institute, 470 University Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94301, United States. ayun@stanford.edu

Stress has been implicated as a risk factor for most diseases, but a mechanistic explanation behind such associations remains elusive. As emergent responses to stress, adaptations range from acute responses where extant system capabilities mitigate current stress, to longer-term responses where system plasticity buffers against future stress. The long compendium of human ailments manifests through a much shorter set of symptoms that may operate through the stress axis. We propose a unifying ontology for human illnesses that classifies stress dysfunctions according to types of Darwinian dysfunction - inadequate response with adequate adaptation, inadequate adaptation, inappropriate adaptation, and epiphenomena of adaptation. Examples include cancer as a bystander effect of increased biologic plasticity in response to stress, and infectious illness as a manifestation of mutually escalating stress in an otherwise commensal relationship between hosts and microbes. We explore the contributing role of man-made stresses that have emerged as humans increasingly remodel their environment. Examples include biologic decompensation associated with reliance on technology to buffer stress, and behavioral stress caused by the dislocation of kin networks that promotes illegitimate signaling. Dysfunctional relationships engender stress not only among humans, but also among individual organs; heart failure, renal failure, and carotid stenosis may represent examples of such conditions. If stress dysfunction is the Occam's razor of human illnesses, and derangements in biologic relationships induce stress dysfunctions, then the study of relationships - an incarnation of systems biology - may represent a new gateway for medicine.

Asthma:

16000.  McClellan CB, Cohen LL.  Family functioning in children with chronic illness compared with healthy controls: a critical review. J Pediatr. 2007 Mar;150(3):221-3, 223.e1-2. Review.

16001.  Schulte PA, Wagner GR, Ostry A, Blanciforti LA, Cutlip RG, Krajnak KM, Luster M, Munson AE, O'Callaghan JP, Parks CG, Simeonova PP, Miller DB.  Work, obesity, and occupational safety and health. Am J Public Health. 2007 Mar;97(3):428-36.

16002.  Tug T, Godekmerdan A, Sari N, Karatas F, Erdem ES.  Effects of supportive treatment such as antioxidant or leukotriene receptor antagonist drugs on inflammatory and respiratory parameters in asthma patients. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2007 Mar;81(3):371-6.  

Depression:

16003.  Aarsland D, Bronnick K, Ehrt U, De Deyn PP, Tekin S, Emre M, Cummings JL.   Neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease and dementia: frequency, profile and associated care giver stress. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2007 Jan;78(1):36-42.

16004.  Al-Gelban KS.  Depression, anxiety and stress among Saudi adolescent school boys. J R Soc Health. 2007 Jan;127(1):33-7. 

16005.  Bandeira DR, Pawlowski J, Goncalves TR, Hilgert JB, Bozzetti MC, Hugo FN.  Psychological distress in Brazilian caregivers of relatives with dementia. Aging Ment Health. 2007 Jan;11(1):14-9. 

16006.  Bhattacharyya MR, Steptoe A.  Emotional triggers of acute coronary syndromes: strength of evidence, biological processes, and clinical implications. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2007 Mar-Apr;49(5):353-65. Review. 

16007.  Boden JM, Fergusson DM, Horwood LJ.  Anxiety disorders and suicidal behaviours in adolescence and young adulthood: findings from a longitudinal study. Psychol Med. 2007 Mar;37(3):431-40.

16008.  Bodkin JA, Pope HG, Detke MJ, Hudson JI.  Is PTSD caused by traumatic stress? J Anxiety Disord. 2007;21(2):176-82.

16009.  Bomba M, Gambera A, Bonini L, Peroni M, Neri F, Scagliola P, Nacinovich R.  Endocrine profiles and neuropsychologic correlates of functional hypothalamic amenorrhea in adolescents. Fertil Steril. 2007 Apr;87(4):876-85.

16010.  Britt TW, Dickinson JM, Moore D, Castro CA, Adler AB.  Correlates and consequences of morale versus depression under stressful conditions. J Occup Health Psychol. 2007 Jan;12(1):34-47. 

16011.  Charoensuk S.  Negative thinking: a key factor in depressive symptoms in Thai adolescents. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2007 Jan;28(1):55-74. 

16012.  Chun M, Knight BG, Youn G.  Differences in stress and coping models of emotional distress among Korean, Korean-American and White-American caregivers. Aging Ment Health. 2007 Jan;11(1):20-9. 

16013.  Covault J, Tennen H, Armeli S, Conner TS, Herman AI, Cillessen AH, Kranzler HR.  Interactive effects of the serotonin transporter 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and stressful life events on college student drinking and drug use. Biol Psychiatry. 2007 Mar 1;61(5):609-16.

16014.  Dawson DA, Grant BF, Chou SP, Stinson FS.  The impact of partner alcohol problems on women's physical and mental health. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2007 Jan;68(1):66-75. 

16015.  De Kloet ER, Derijk RH, Meijer OC. Therapy Insight: is there an imbalanced response of  mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptors in depression? Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Feb;3(2):168-79. Review. 

16016.  Di Nicola M, Occhiolini L, Di Nicola L, Vellante P, Di Mascio R, Guizzardi M, Colagrande V, Ballone E.  Stress management and factors related to the deployment of Italian peacekeepers in Afghanistan. Mil Med. 2007 Feb;172(2):140-3. 

16017.  Dick DM, Plunkett J, Hamlin D, Nurnberger J Jr, Kuperman S, Schuckit M, Hesselbrock V, Edenberg H, Bierut L. Association analyses of the serotonin transporter gene with lifetime depression and alcohol dependence in the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) sample.  Psychiatr Genet. 2007 Feb;17(1):35-8.

16018.  Finkelstein C, Brownstein A, Scott C, Lan YL.  Anxiety and stress reduction in medical education: an intervention. Med Educ. 2007 Mar;41(3):258-64. 

16019.  Galea S, Ahern J, Nandi A, Tracy M, Beard J, Vlahov D. Urban neighborhood poverty and the incidence of depression in a population-based cohort study. Ann Epidemiol. 2007 Mar;17(3):171-9. 

16020.  Gregory AM, Caspi A, Moffitt TE, Koenen K, Eley TC, Poulton R.  Juvenile mental health histories of adults with anxiety disorders. Am J Psychiatry. 2007 Feb;164(2):301-8. 

16021.  Heymann AD, Shilo Y, Tirosh A, Valinsky L, Vinker S.  Differences between soldiers, with and without emotional distress, in number of primary care medical visits and type of presenting complaints. Isr Med Assoc J. 2007 Feb;9(2):90-3. 

16022.  Husain N, Chaudhry IB, Afridi MA, Tomenson B, Creed F.  Life stress and depression in a tribal area of Pakistan. Br J Psychiatry. 2007 Jan;190:36-41. 

16023.  Khuwaja SA, Selwyn BJ, Kapadia A, McCurdy S, Khuwaja A. Pakistani Ismaili Muslim adolescent females living in the United States of America: stresses associated with the process of adaptation to U.S. Culture. J Immigr Minor Health. 2007 Jan;9(1):35-42.

16024.  Marques-Deak AH, Neto FL, Dominguez WV, Solis AC, Kurcgant D, Sato F, Ross JM, Prado EB.  Cytokine profiles in women with different subtypes of major depressive disorder. J Psychiatr Res. 2007 Jan-Feb;41(1-2):152-9.

16025.  Miles MS, Holditch-Davis D, Schwartz TA, Scher M.  Depressive symptoms in mothers of prematurely born infants. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2007 Feb;28(1):36-44. 

16026.  Miles MS, Holditch-Davis D, Pedersen C, Eron JJ Jr, Schwartz T.  Emotional distress in African American women with HIV. J Prev Interv Community. 2007;33(1-2):35-50. 

16027.   Monroe SM, Slavich GM, Torres LD, Gotlib IH.  Major life events and major chronic difficulties are differentially associated with history of major depressive episodes. J Abnorm Psychol. 2007 Feb;116(1):116-24. 

16028.  Plaisier I, de Bruijn JG, de Graaf R, ten Have M, Beekman AT, Penninx BW.  The contribution of working conditions and social support to the onset of depressive and anxiety disorders among male and female employees. Soc Sci Med. 2007 Jan;64(2):401-10.

16029.  Plenys D. Stress signals. Beginnings. 2007 Winter;27(1):6-7.

16030.  Riley GA.  Stress and depression in family carers following traumatic brain injury: the influence of beliefs about difficult behaviours. Clin Rehabil. 2007 Jan;21(1):82-8. 

16031.  Sar V, Akyuz G, Dogan O.  Prevalence of dissociative disorders among women in the general population. Psychiatry Res. 2007 Jan 15;149(1-3):169-76.

16032.  Suwazono Y, Nagashima S, Okubo Y, Uetani M, Kobayashi E, Kido T, Nogawa K.  Estimation of the number of working hours critical for the development of mental and physical fatigue symptoms in Japanese male workers - application of benchmark dose method. Am J Ind Med. 2007 Mar;50(3):173-82. 

16033.  Trappler B, Cohen CI, Tulloo R.  Impact of early lifetime trauma in later life: depression among Holocaust survivors 60 years after the liberation of Auschwitz. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2007 Jan;15(1):79-83.

Heart Disease:

16034.  Brosschot JF, Van Dijk E, Thayer JF.  Daily worry is related to low heart rate variability during waking and the subsequent nocturnal sleep period. Int J Psychophysiol. 2007 Jan;63(1):39-47.

16035.  Dennerstein L, Lehert P, Guthrie JR, Burger HG.  Modeling women's health during the menopausal transition: a longitudinal analysis. Menopause. 2007 Jan-Feb;14(1):53-62.  

16036.  Elahi MM, Naseem KM, Matata BM. Nitric oxide in blood. The nitrosative-oxidative disequilibrium hypothesis on the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. FEBS J. 2007 Feb;274(4):906-23.

16037.  Eller NH.  Total power and high frequency components of heart rate variability and risk factors for atherosclerosis. Auton Neurosci. 2007 Jan 30;131(1-2):123-30.

16038.  Fulop N, Marchase RB, Chatham JC.  Role of protein O-linked N-acetyl-glucosamine in mediating cell function and survival in the cardiovascular system. Cardiovasc Res. 2007 Jan 15;73(2):288-97.

16039.  Hwang ES, Kim GH.  Biomarkers for oxidative stress status of DNA, lipids, and proteins in vitro and in vivo cancer research. Toxicology. 2007 Jan 5;229(1-2):1-10.

16040.  Karsdorp PA, Kindt M, Rietveld S, Everaerd W, Mulder BJ. Stress-induced heart symptoms and perceptual biases in patients with congenital heart disease. Int J Cardiol. 2007 Jan 18;114(3):352-7.

16041.  Kimura K, Ozeki M, Juneja LR, Ohira H.  L-Theanine reduces psychological and physiological stress responses. Biol Psychol. 2007 Jan;74(1):39-45.

16042.  Lahera V, Goicoechea M, de Vinuesa SG, Miana M, de las Heras N, Cachofeiro V, Luno J.  Endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation in atherosclerosis: beneficial effects of statins. Curr Med Chem. 2007;14(2):243-8. Review. 

16043.  McClintock DE, Ware LB, Eisner MD, Wickersham N, Thompson BT, Matthay MA; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute ARDS Network.  Higher urine nitric oxide is associated with improved outcomes in patients with acute lung injury. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007 Feb 1;175(3):256-62.

16044.  Meerwaldt R, Lutgers HL, Links TP, Graaff R, Baynes JW, Gans RO, Smit AJ.  Skin autofluorescence is a strong predictor of cardiac mortality in diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2007 Jan;30(1):107-12. 

16045.  Nemes A, Geleijnse ML, Krenning BJ, Soliman OI, Anwar AM, Vletter WB, Ten Cate FJ.  Usefulness of ultrasound contrast agent to improve image quality during real-time three-dimensional stress echocardiography. Am J Cardiol. 2007 Jan 15;99(2):275-8.

16046.  Schulz R.  Intracellular targets of matrix metalloproteinase-2 in cardiac disease: rationale and therapeutic approaches. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2007;47:211-42. Review. 

16047.  Strine TW, Chapman DP, Flowers N.  Psychological distress and impaired quality of life common among community-dwelling adults with lower gastrointestinal disorders. Dig Dis Sci. 2007 Jan;52(1):70-7.

16048.  Takei Y, Tomiyama H, Tanaka N, Yamashina A. Close relationship between sympathetic activation and coronary microvascular dysfunction during acute hyperglycemia in subjects with atherosclerotic risk factors. Circ J. 2007 Feb;71(2):202-6. 

16049.  Takeuchi D, Saji T, Takatsuki S, Fujiwara M.  Abnormal tissue doppler images are associated with elevated plasma brain natriuretic peptide and increased oxidative stress in acute Kawasaki disease. Circ J. 2007 Mar;71(3):357-62. 

16050.  Traber MG.  Heart disease and single-vitamin supplementation. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Jan;85(1):293S-299S. Review. 

Hypertension:

16051.  Chaves FJ, Mansego ML, Blesa S, Gonzalez-Albert V, Jimenez J, Tormos MC, Espinosa O, Giner V, Iradi A, Saez G, Redon J.  Inadequate cytoplasmic antioxidant enzymes response contributes to the oxidative stress in human hypertension. Am J Hypertens. 2007 Jan;20(1):62-9. 

16052.  Cottone S, Mule G, Nardi E, Vadala A, Lorito MC, Guarneri M, Arsena R, Palermo A, Cerasola G.   C-reactive protein and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 are stronger predictors of oxidant stress than blood pressure in established hypertension. J Hypertens. 2007 Feb;25(2):423-8. 

16053.  Dorn T, Yzermans CJ, Guijt H, van der Zee J.  Disaster-related stress as a prospective risk factor for hypertension in parents of adolescent fire victims. Am J Epidemiol. 2007 Feb 15;165(4):410-7.

16054.  Gago-Dominguez M, Jiang X, Castelao JE.  Lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress genes and dietary factors in breast cancer protection: a hypothesis.  Breast Cancer Res. 2007;9(1):201. Review. 

16055.  Ge D, Zhu H, Huang Y, Treiber FA, Harshfield GA, Snieder H, Dong Y.  Multilocus analyses of Renin-Angiotensin-aldosterone system gene variants on blood pressure at rest and during behavioral stress in young normotensive subjects. Hypertension. 2007 Jan;49(1):107-12.

16056.  Ghiadoni L, Versari D, Magagna A, Kardasz I, Plantinga Y, Giannarelli C, Taddei S, Salvetti A. Ramipril dose-dependently increases nitric oxide availability in the radial  artery of essential hypertension patients. J Hypertens. 2007 Feb;25(2):361-6. 

16057.  Gupta BK, Kaushik A, Panwar RB, Chaddha VS, Nayak KC, Singh VB, Gupta R, Raja S.   Cardiovascular risk factors in tobacco-chewers: a controlled study.  J Assoc Physicians India. 2007 Jan;55:27-31. 

16058.  Lucini D, Riva S, Pizzinelli P, Pagani M.  Stress management at the worksite: reversal of symptoms profile and cardiovascular dysregulation.  Hypertension. 2007 Feb;49(2):291-7.

16059.  Marfella R, Siniscalchi M, Portoghese M, Di Filippo C, Ferraraccio F, Schiattarella C, Crescenzi B, Sangiuolo P, Ferraro G, Siciliano S, Cinone F, Mazzarella G, Martis S, Verza M, Coppola L, Rossi F, D'Amico M, Paolisso G.  Morning blood pressure surge as a destabilizing factor of atherosclerotic plaque: role of ubiquitin-proteasome activity. Hypertension. 2007 Apr;49(4):784-91.

16060.  Marinho C, Alho I, Arduino D, Falcao LM, Bras-Nogueira J, Bicho M.  GST M1/T1 and MTHFR polymorphisms as risk factors for hypertension. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Feb 9;353(2):344-50.

16061.  Ohlin B, Berglund G, Rosvall M, Nilsson PM.  Job strain in men, but not in women, predicts a significant rise in blood pressure after 6.5 years of follow-up. J Hypertens. 2007 Mar;25(3):525-31. 

16062.  Tawara S, Shimokawa H.  Progress of the study of rho-kinase and future perspective of the inhibitor. Yakugaku Zasshi. 2007 Mar;127(3):501-14. Review. 

16063.  Wang TJ, Gona P, Larson MG, Levy D, Benjamin EJ, Tofler GH, Jacques PF, Meigs JB, Rifai N, Selhub J, Robins SJ, Newton-Cheh C, Vasan RS.  Multiple biomarkers and the risk of incident hypertension. Hypertension. 2007 Mar;49(3):432-8.

16064.  Winer N, Sowers JR.  Diabetes and arterial stiffening. Adv Cardiol. 2007;44:245-51. Review.